[Zoi Leoudaki]: Mr. President, you mentioned a new approach to addressing the crisis in the Eurozone and the process of integration into Europe, and you talked about a kind of broader dialogue, including beyond the borders of Europe and from both sides of the Atlantic, involving international economic organizations and the academic community. Do you think Europe is ready for such an approach? [Evangelos Venizelos]: It is absolutely necessary for Europe to reopen the political discussion because we cannot only make steps in managing the crisis, especially the fiscal and financial crisis, without considering what happens politically, socially, and the reactions of European societies. After years of harsh politics in the Eurozone, in many countries of the Eurozone, a large wave of Euroscepticism has formed. So, we need to politicize again the pan-European discussion about the future of European integration. We cannot leave out any level, neither the political, nor the social, nor the cultural, nor the institutional. Of course, the hard core is always the economic, fiscal, banking, and financial issues. But that is not enough. We must maintain Europe’s historic identity and always take into account that whatever happens in Europe affects the United States, that there is a Euro-Atlantic axis. This is the historical reality after the First World War and certainly after the Second World War. Just as the problem of European security is Euro-Atlantic, so is the problem of European economic security Euro-Atlantic. [Zoi Leoudaki]: In your speech, you also referred to a kind of new proposal for addressing the crisis and talked about the South, about the European South, not anymore as a geographic designation, but as a political entity that needs fiscal discipline but also development-friendly policies. Are you talking about a Two-Speed Europe? [Evangelos Venizelos]: No, there is not a Two-Speed Europe. Now there is the hard core of the Eurozone, which consists of the fiscally virtuous countries, and there is the periphery, which are “prodigal” in quotation marks, countries that are forced to join adjustment programs. Because they have high deficits, because they have a very large and unwieldy public debt, because they have structural deficits in terms of their competitiveness. This division, not just of Europe, the European Union, but of the Eurozone into two groups, hard core and periphery, must be overcome. There is also the division between the 17 countries of the Eurozone and the 27, now 28, with Croatia, of the Eurozone. So, we need to avoid exactly a Two-Speed Europe. Therefore, a political counter-proposal is needed. Many talk about the South. The South is the periphery, it is the countries that have problems and are in adjustment programs. These countries cannot do it by themselves. The South is also not geographical, it is economic and political. So, we need to see if the ideological South, that is, the progressive forces, the social democracy in Europe, can provide a different proposal, this task of the European Socialist Party. This will be discussed in Leipzig next week, by the leaders of the Socialist Parties, and this will also be the subject of the pre-election opposition in view of the elections for the new European Parliament in a year, in May 2014. [Zoi Leoudaki]: So, your approach constitutes a PASOK policy. [Evangelos Venizelos]: Not only. I believe it is the political choice of European Socialists and Democrats. We had the opportunity, a few days ago, on the anniversary of the Schuman Declaration, for the formation of the first core of the European Community, the European Coal and Steel Community, to present all the Socialist Parties in Europe, the leaders of all parties, a common declaration, which more or less moves within this context. It highlights the need to talk again about social cohesion, democracy in Europe, participation of European citizens, for more balanced and fair relations between equal member states. Because now we have lenders and borrowers. We have good and bad. [Zoi Leoudaki]: PASOK has played a very important role in Greece. How do you see the party’s course from now on? [Evangelos Venizelos]: Look, PASOK historically has been identified with the good and the bad of the last 40 years, the post-dictatorship period. And it is a political victim of the crisis. Because the responsibilities were not fairly distributed in relation to what has happened, but all fell on us who happened to manage the period of the crisis and the period of joining the adjustment program. Now for us, there is one solution. Stability, the completion of the effort, the country’s rise, to make Greece a success story. This is necessary for our society, necessary for Europe, necessary for the Euro-Atlantic axis, if you will. So, it is very important to believe that the country will rise. If the country rises, PASOK will rise again.
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